Pine straw, typically from loblolly pine, longleaf pine, and slash pine, is increasingly used as mulch in southeastern landscaping. Not only does pine straw make excellent mulch, but it is a source of income for forest landowners with pine plantations. For landowners who are interested in selling pine straw, let’s examine how pine straw is acquired and harvested, as well as start-up costs and environmental benefits.

Pine straw can be collected from plantations or naturally occurring stands, but the harvesting technique will differ. In plantations, trees are evenly spaced, allowing mechanical harvesters to collect and bundle needles with a tractor-powered baler. It’s also essential to ensure that entry roads are accessible so equipment can get to the site. However, raking is the more commonly used technique in natural stands with a simple box baler. This strategy requires less prep than mechanical balers, as human operators can navigate through the stand with ease. If the stand is not professionally managed, there may be issues with overgrown vegetation or debris that make pine straw harvesting a significant challenge. These are all important considerations for a pine straw harvest.

While pine straw harvesting can occur at any time, it is typically done after the main needle drop from September to November. Preferences will vary depending on the region, but your land manager or forester can determine which preference buyers prefer, specifically the baling technique, bale binding, and straw species. Landowners may note the discrepancy between harvest time and typical landscaping periods (primarily in the spring), so proper storage is crucial for protecting the harvest and the seller’s investment. Ensure that the harvest takes place during a dry period and that the bales are stored in a closed trailer to prevent mold and moisture.

There are various costs associated with harvesting pine straw, but with assistance from a forester or land manager, the landowner’s profits can often offset these expenses, making it a profitable venture. Collection processes (hand-baled or mechanical), human capital and labor costs, and land management techniques like prescribed burning, fertilizers and herbicidal treatments, and periodic cleaning can all impact the start-up costs. While these conditions are necessary considerations, many landowners do not find the initial investment to be cost-prohibitive.

Lastly, there are numerous deliberations for landowners regarding pine straw sales and whether it is the right fit. All objectives must be considered to avoid contradictory or opposing management techniques. For instance, pine straw harvesting operations often require an understory that is free of debris and vegetation. However, a vegetated understory provides food and habitat for many species, so if one of the landowner’s objectives is to create wildlife habitat, it will be necessary to develop a plan that considers both objectives. Timber harvesting is often compatible with pine straw harvests as long as the two activities are not done in tandem. Pine straw collection can happen between timber harvest cycles without significant interference as long as a qualified land manager or forester is overseeing operations. This is especially essential regarding environmental impacts, as intensive raking or pine straw harvesting can disturb the soil and reduce organic matter that supports soil health. In turn, this can cause nutrient loss, erosion, and degradation of wildlife habitats. With an appropriate forest management plan and harvest plan, these processes can occur in a sustainable manner and protect the landowner’s investment.

Investing in pine straw sales can be a low-cost way for landowners to increase their income and revenue streams. With proper planning and the support of a forester or land manager, landowners can find a method of pine straw harvesting that works for their stand. With appropriate harvesting and forest management plans, landowners can balance start-up costs, a lucrative harvest, and environmental protection.